Dr. Mehta is known for his original work on platelet biology and thrombosis in myocardial ischemia. .Dr. Mehta’s latest research has focused on the biology of LOX-1, a receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein. He serves or has served on the editorial boards of several major cardiology, physiology, and pharmacology journals, including Circulation, Hypertension, American Journal of Cardiology, European Heart Journal, and the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

He has published over 1300 papers, abstracts, books, and book chapters. His h-index as per Google scholar is 117, with 136690 citations. He is a member of many prestigious academic societies, including the Association of American Physicians, American Society for Clinical Investigation and Association of University Cardiologists.

Recent major awards include, the Pericle d'Oro International Prize from the Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy in May 2014; the UAMS Dean’s Distinguished Faculty Scholar Award in October 2015, Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award in 2018. In July 2018, he was named Distinguished Professor by the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, and Distinguished Professor by the Anhui University, China in October 2018. In September 2019, he was awarded Lifetime Achievement Award by the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences in Serbia. He was given Medal of Merit by the ISHR and IACS in September 2022.

He is listed in Marquis Who's Who in America, Who's Who in the World, Who's Who Medicine and Healthcare, and Leading Physicians of the World.

As a testament to his clinical skills, Prof. Mehta was named among the top 27 cardiologists in the United States by Forbes magazine. According to Stanford University, he ranks among the top 0.07% of all scientists in the world.